Additional material and elements of fastening UFPCM
For creating the integrity of sheeting, requires a fastening of the Universal flexible protective concrete among themselves for assembly loops into a single linen. Application of synthetic ropes, riggings staples
and spiral carbines is recommended for this purpose.
For fixing the single (united) linen from UFPCM on a sloping surface, and also for fixing the utter rows of mates on the upper-stream surface of the bottom, the steel anchor brackets BCM are used. Anchor brackets can be
used also as additional anchors, fastening linen from UFPCM to the surface, but only oninter-connected with ropes or rigging clips linen. Such fastening allows to avoid the drifting of the UFPCM linen on the river swashes and stony soil,
and also if the UFPCMis piled on sloping surface.
Binding of mats among themselves is an indispensable condition when forming a uniform protective linen from UFPCM.
Necessary amount of fastening elements (clips, ropes) is determined on the formula:
N = (m - 1) x 4 + (n - 1) x 2,
where: N is the amount of fastening elements (clips, ropes);
m is the amount of mates in a row, tied on the longer side;
n is the amount of mates in a row, tied on a shorter side.
The choice of fastening element and method of connecting depend on specified conditions and is performed by the project company.
Ropes for fastening UFPCM
Fastening of mates into single protective linen is done by tying up the mates using assembling loops with additional ropes (AR). Thus it is required for ALL assembling loops to be tied up. So, a required amount of AR is 12 on 1 mate (economic case is using 6 ropes: for tying up two loops on a longer side, one - on shorter side).
For fastening UFPCM usage of the segments of synthetic ropes is recommended (a diameter from 10 mm to 13 mm with the break capacity from 2000 kgf to 3000 kgf). Synthetic ropes provide the required break capacity, UF-radiation resistant, resistant to getting rotten or eaten up by rodents, chemical and organic solvents resistant, what is required if using UFPCM under water, in the open air and the sun.
Rope length depends on weight of UFPCM which are inter-connected, and also from the diameter of rope and the type of knot used for tying up, and is about 0,5-0,8 m.
Rigging clips and spiral carbines.
Fastening UFPCM into the single linen is carried out by usage of rigging clips or spiral carbines, with which the mates are inter-connected with outputs of the connecting rope, fulfilling the functions of assembling loops.
The diameter and the break effort of the applied additional materials for fastening depend on the UFPCM type and statedin the table 3.
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Additional elements for UFPCM single linen connection |
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Rigging clip (RC) ø6mm, breaking effort 2 tons |
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Spiral carbine (SC) ø8mm, breaking effort 2 tons |
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Rigging clip (RC) ø8mm, breaking effort 3,2 tons |
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Spiral carbine (SC) ø10mm, breaking effort 3,6 tons |
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Rigging clip (RC) ø12mm, breaking effort 5,0 tons |
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Spiral carbine (SC) ø12mm, breaking effort 4,7 tons |
Steel anchor brackets BCM-1, BCM-2
For preventing the linen drift, usage of steel anchor brackets for concrete mates is required. Such fastening allows avoiding the drift of UFPCM linen on the river swashes and stony soil, and also if the UFPCM is piled on sloping surface.
Anchor brackets are made from armature steel in a diameter from 10 mm to 25 mm. However, the maximally possible diameter of bracket, used inside UFPCM linen for its fastening to the protected surface, must not exceed 14mm, as it is the maximal diameter used for the distance between the rows of concrete UFPCM blocks, where a bracket is put. Using a bigger bracket is only possible for destruction of concrete blocks of mate by making a hole of suitable diameter, what is highly labor-consuming.
The brackets of diameter exceeding 14mm can only be used for fastening UFPCM in soil on the external perimeter of UFPCM linen.
The height of a bracket (size А) depends on the type of soil and determines the plugging depth, and accordingly, its ability to resist the UFPCM linen drifts, on which it is used.
The height of bracket and its thickness (diameter of armature steel) must be set by designers depending on the type of soil and UFPCM mass fastened with brackets.
Two variants of brackets are developed for fastening of concrete mates (further - BCM). A form and construction of such brackets are presented in Scheme 5 and Scheme 6.
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П -shaped bracket, consisting of 2 supports, inter-connected with the element (a shoulder) welded on to supports. Basic sizes of BCM-1 clips: 1. Ø10 mm, А1=600 mm, А2=620 В=610 mm. 2. Ø25 mm, А1=585 mm, А2=620 В=610 mm. Width of BCM-1 clip (size В) allows to set one edge of clip between the first and second row of concrete blocks of one mate, and the other - between the first and second row of concrete blocks of nearest mate (Scheme 9). By means of hand hammering a bracket is being welded into the ground, which results in inter-contraction of the mates as well as inter-fastening to the soil. |
| BCM-1 clip for UFPCM fastening | |
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| BCM-2 clip for UFPCM fastening | |
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BCM-2: T-shaped bracket, consisting of 3 supports, formed with bending of the bar and weldening in the middle of it the third support. Length of central support is bigger than the side ones. Basic sizes of BCM-2 brackets: 1. Ø10 mm, А1=595 mm, А2=155mm, В=400 mm. 2. Ø25 mm, А1=600 mm, А2=165mm, В=415 mm. Width of BCM- 2 bracket (size В) allows to set one edge of the bracket behind a rope inclined along the first row of concrete blocks of one mate, and another edge is set behind a rope inclined along the first row of concrete blocks of the nearest mate, and the medium edge gets in themiddle, between the crisscrossed assembling loops of nearby mates (Table 10). Then a bracket is welded into the ground, same as BCM- 1 |
| BCM-2 clip for UFPCM fastening | |
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| Ready-made BCM-2 brackets | |
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